National Punctuation Day Reignites Interrobang Passion

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| Stephen Coles | September 24, 2008

America seems to have a par­tic­u­lar habit of des­ig­nat­ing hun­dreds of spe­cial days in cel­e­bra­tion of niche inter­ests to the extent that every day of the year is packed with unof­fi­cial hol­i­days and obser­vances. Well here’s one I can get behind: National Punc­tu­a­tion Day. Not only is it purely typo­graphic in nature, it also offers me an excuse to trump my favorite for­got­ten punc­tu­a­tion, the inter­robang. Wikipedia describes it well: “a non­stan­dard English-​language punc­tu­a­tion mark intended to com­bine the func­tions of the ques­tion mark (also called the inter­rog­a­tive point) and the excla­ma­tion mark or excla­ma­tion point (known in print­ers’ jargon as the bang)”. Here’s a little history:

In 1966, Richard Isbell of Amer­i­can Type Founders issued the Amer­i­cana type­face and included the inter­robang as one of the char­ac­ters. In 1968, an inter­robang key was avail­able on some Rem­ing­ton type­writ­ers. During the 1970s, it was pos­si­ble to buy replace­ment inter­robang key­caps and strik­ers for some Smith-​Corona type­writ­ers. The inter­robang was in vogue for much of the 1960s, with the word “inter­robang” appear­ing in some dic­tio­nar­ies and the mark itself being fea­tured in mag­a­zine and news­pa­per articles.

I submit that the reason the inter­robang didn’t catch on is due mostly to its design. The smash­ing of straight and curved ver­ti­cal strokes atop each other is hardly a grace­ful com­bi­na­tion, and it gets espe­cially messy at text sizes (‽). Were it drawn more thought­fully like those of Chris­t­ian Schwartz’s Ampli­tude and Fritz, the inter­robang might be part of our stan­dard punc­tu­a­tion today, a member of the basic Latin char­ac­ter set, and common in our writ­ten vernacular.

Interrobang
Inter­robangs from Ampli­tude and Fritz by Chris­t­ian Schwartz for the Font Bureau.

Which brings me to some other punc­tu­a­tional news. Accord­ing to the Punctuation Day site, “Punc­tu­a­tion Man breaks with Asso­ci­ated Press, endorses serial comma!”

In sup­port of the National Edu­ca­tion Association’s “Read Across Amer­ica” pro­gram on March 3, the nation’s lead­ing author­ity on help­ing school chil­dren, teach­ers, and par­ents learn proper punc­tu­a­tion skills declares that the serial comma should be taught, used, and accepted universally.

Amen. I have long been a cham­pion of the Oxford/Harvard/serial comma and I’m pleased to have anyone, no matter how silly their title, behind me. Go, fight, and win!

Header image: Stu­dents at a school in Auburn, Michi­gan cel­e­brate National Punc­tu­a­tion Day.

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28 Comments:

Now I want a post about the irony mark.

Posted by Shu on Sep. 24, 2008

I always liked the Inter­robang. Maybe because my school’s paper was named after it?

I like the IDEA of it anyway. If it’s gram­mat­i­cally improper to use two punc­tu­a­tion marks at the end of a sen­tence, some­times both are kind of useful.

(Some­where an eng­lish teacher wants to kick me in the teeth.)

Posted by Marc on Sep. 24, 2008

Amen to the serial comma. I’ve long been a cham­pion of that par­tic­u­lar style and it annoys me to no end that it isn’t more widely employed.

You inspired to write my own post in sup­port of it:

http://​www.​slantsix​cre​ative.​com/​2​0​0​8​/​0​9​/​2​4​/​y​e​s​-​y​e​s​-​a​n​d​-​y​e​s​-​u​s​e​-​t​h​e​-​s​e​r​i​a​l​-​comma/

Great work as always here.

Posted by neal s on Sep. 24, 2008

Hooray for Punc­tu­a­tion Day! And if we can get the serial comma stan­dard­ised, I’d be very happy indeed.

Posted by Elliot Jay Stocks on Sep. 25, 2008

Another vote for the serial comma. My mother (who is an editor) has a favorite real-​world exam­ple of the perils of omit­ting the final comma. This was a ded­i­ca­tion in a book: To my par­ents, Ayn Rand and God. Assum­ing the author intended three ded­i­ca­tees and did not in fact have extra­or­di­nary parent­age, the second comma really should have been employed.

Posted by Kent Lew on Sep. 25, 2008

Only thing, there are just equal perils in man­dat­ing the serial comma.
If the sen­tence was “To my mother, Ayn Rand and God”, that would be pretty unam­bigu­ous, while the use of the comma would intro­duce ambi­gu­ity: “To my mother, Ayn Rand, and God” - now Ayn Rand is the second ded­i­ca­tee or the name of the first one?
As usual, there are very few absolute lan­guages rules. Most of the time, you can’t escape a “when appro­pri­ate” note.

Posted by abu on Sep. 25, 2008

Anyway, the inter­robang mark is really cool! Never read of it before.
To me as an euro­pean, it also look pretty amer­i­can, for the typ­i­cal emphatic and rethoric style of amer­i­can ver­nac­u­lar.

Posted by abu on Sep. 25, 2008

The serial comma, in my opin­ion, is really only suit­able for aca­d­e­mic pur­poses. The lan­guage has changed and many of the old rules no longer apply. These include ending sen­tences with prepo­si­tions, begin­ning sen­tences with “and”, proper use of sen­tence frag­ments and so forth. The writ­ten word is right­fully becom­ing more and more like the spoken word.

Posted by Mike Wilkie on Sep. 25, 2008

I’m no fan of the inter­robang; what­ever next!? Smi­lies, no doubt. But, yes, let’s see the serial comma as stan­dard. You must be run­ning out of avail­able slots for “National Days.”

Posted by johno on Sep. 25, 2008

The writ­ten word is right­fully becom­ing more and more like the spoken word.

But Mike, we have the ben­e­fit of inflec­tion and rhythm when we speak. In writ­ing we rely on punc­tu­a­tion to emu­late those things so the mes­sage and tone isn’t lost.

Posted by Stephen Coles on Sep. 25, 2008

Good point, Stephen. I will main­tain my posi­tion, how­ever, that use of the serial comma should be at the writer’s dis­cre­tion, to be used when the format and conext are appropi­ate. Gen­er­ally speak­ing, I think it is appro­pri­ate in aca­d­e­mic, jour­nal­is­tic and offi­cial texts.

Posted by Mike Wilkie on Sep. 25, 2008

Agreed. My vote (and FontShop/FontFeed style) is to use it as a default unless it mis­con­strues the mean­ing of the sen­tence.

Posted by Stephen Coles on Sep. 25, 2008

Hurrah for the serial comma!

Posted by Andrew Dunning on Sep. 25, 2008

I believe one proper way to clar­ify the ded­i­ca­tion, “To my mother, Ayn Rand, and God,” would be to use a semi­colon: “To my mother, Ayn Rand; and God.” If that was what you meant, of course.

Posted by Jeanne S on Sep. 25, 2008
Bram.us » Punctuation: Interrobang and Serial Comma referenced this article:

[…] Inter­robang, nor the Serial Comma before (although I use the latter every now and then). Thank you National Punc­tu­a­tion Day for bring­ing this up! (via) Spread the […]

@abu: There might be exam­ples that argue against the serial comma, but yours doesn’t have to be one of them, since your “To my mother, Ayn Rand, and God” should be punc­tu­ated (and phrased): “To my mother Ayn Rand and to God”

Posted by Rich on Sep. 26, 2008

I love the inter­robang but I find the both sym­bols on one dot made by Schwartz very flashy. Do you really think his design would work better in normal copy text sizes? I believe it becomes to wide.
This is not to say I like cur­rent designs used in fonts, actu­ally the ones that mostly turn up in copy writ­ing are the plain over­lays of the 2 sym­bols which makes the excla­ma­tion mark cut trough the ques­tion mark. This is what makes it so much more fuzzy on small sizes. I believe that when it doesn’t cut it looks much better.

Posted by Martijn on Sep. 26, 2008

I’ve been an inter­robang fan (I liked it so much, I bought the com­pany!) for a long time — the handle I’m using above is the same one I’ve been using pretty much every­where online since 1998.

Posted by Interrobang on Sep. 26, 2008

The serial comma is one of the few things that dis­tin­guishes us from sav­ages, ani­mals, and other such uncul­tured things.

Posted by Ran Barton on Sep. 26, 2008

The whole point of the exam­ple is that Ayn Rand isn’t the mother.

Posted by Tom on Sep. 26, 2008

Look, we don’t have spe­cial “quom­mas” or “peri­o­ta­tion marks” for the com­bi­na­tion of quo­ta­tion mark + comma/period. The two marks serve dif­fer­ent func­tions, so it makes sense to keep them sep­a­rate. Same should apply to the inter­robang. Most inter­robang designs admit this truth directly by being a simple mash-​up of “?” and “!”. If they don’t add up to some­thing qual­i­ta­tively dif­fer­ent, why mash them together at all? It’s just “w” all over again. Our lan­guage doesn’t need that, people.

Another prob­lem with the inter­robang: Its design tends to imply the order “!?”. This is 100% incor­rect and rightly unac­cept­able to all freedom-​loving folk.

Posted by Matt on Sep. 26, 2008

Unac­cept­able to all freedom-​loving folk‽ Good Heav­ens, man. Rules are meant to be broken. Besides, the interrobang’s usage was already estab­lished. That makes it tra­di­tional. ;)

Stephen, I love Schwartz’s designs. My ques­tion for you is how do we encour­age other design­ers to adopt Schwartz’s inter­pre­ta­tion? The inter­robang is already part of the Uni­code char­ac­ter set. What’s needed is a way to influ­ence design­ers to update their fonts with the new inter­robang form. What would you rec­om­mend?

Posted by D on Sep. 26, 2008

Those new designs look too comic-​booky.

The inter­robang is never going to catch on. Punc­tu­a­tion is decreas­ing, not increas­ing. The semi­colon is not long for this world.

Smi­lies have a better chance of making it into type fonts than the inter­robang.

Posted by ご想像にお任せします on Sep. 27, 2008

The smiley!? That bas­tard lovechild of Inchoate Thought and Lazy Impre­ci­sion?!
Heaven pre­serve us.

Posted by Intaglio on Oct. 1, 2008

Thank you for appre­ci­at­ing the serial comma! I have always been taught to use it and find its lack of use dis­ap­point­ing.

Posted by Bonnie on Nov. 2, 2008

Yes, yes, yes, yes to the serial comma!

Posted by anomalous4 on Dec. 31, 2008

Unac­cept­able to all freedom-​loving folk‽ Good Heav­ens, man. Rules are meant to be broken. Besides, the interrobang’s usage was already estab­lished. That makes it tra­di­tional. ;)

Posted by radyo dinle on Apr. 21, 2009

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